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[单选题]

（) gives consumers and countries the opportunity to be exposed to new markets and products.

A.Trading globally

B.Trading regionally

C.Trad protectionism

D.Trade barriers

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发布时间：2022-04-16

更多“（) gives consumers and countries the opportunity to be exposed to new markets and products.”相关的问题

第1题

The rough guide to marketing success used to be that you got what you paid for. No longer.

While traditional "paid" mediasuch as television commercials and print advertisementsstill play a major role , companies today can exploit many alternative forms of media. Consumers passionate about a product may create "earned" media by willingly promoting it to friends, and a company .may leverage "owned" media by sending e-mail alerts about products and sales to customers registered with its Web site. The way consumers now approach the process of making purchase decisions means that marketing's impact stems from a broad range of factors beyond conventional paid media.

Paid and owned media are controlled by marketers promoting their own products. For earned media, such marketers act as the initiator for users' responses. But in some cases, one marketer's owned media become another marketer's paid mediafor instance, when an e-commerce retailer sells ad space on its Web site. We define such sold media as owned media whose traffic is so strong that other organizations place their content or e-commerce engines within that environment. This trend, which we believe is still in its infancy, effectively began with retailers and travel providers such as airlines and hotels and will no doubt go further. Johnson & Johnson, for example, has created BabyCenter, a stand-alone media property that promotes complementary and even competitive products. Besides generating income, the presence of other marketers makes the site seem objective, gives companies opportunities to learn valuable information about the appeal of other companies' marketing, and may help expand user traffic for all companies concerned.

The same dramatic technological changes that have provided marketers with more (and more diverse) communications choices have also increased the risk that passionate consumers will voice their opinions in quicker, more visible, and much more damaging ways. Such hijacked media are the opposite of earned media: an asset or campaign becomes hostage to consumers, other stakeholders, or activists who make negative allegations about a brand or product. Members of social networks, for instance, are learning that they can hijack media to apply pressure on the businesses that originally created them.

If that happens, passionate consumers would try to persuade others to boycott products, putting the reputation of the target company at risk. In such a case, the company's response may not be sufficiently quick or thoughtful, and the learning curve has been steep. Toyota Motor, for example, alleviated some of the damage from its recall crisis earlier this year with a relatively quick and well-orchestrated social-media response campaign, which included efforts to engage with consumers directly on sites such as Twitter and the social-news site Digg.

Consumers may create "earned" media when they are______.

A．obsessed with online shopping at certain Web sites.

B．inspired by product-promoting e-mails sent to them.

C．eager to help their friends promote quality products.

D．enthusiastic about recommending their favorite products.

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第2题

In a competitive economy, the consumer usually has the choice of several different brands

of the same product. Yet underneath their labels, the products are often nearly identical. Thus, manufacturers are confronted with a problem how to keep sales high enough to stay in business. Manufacturers solve this problem by advertising. They try to attract consumers in various ways. As a matter of fact, advertisements may be classified into three types according to the kind of appeals they use.

One type of advertisement tries to appeal to the consumer's reasoning mind. It may offer a claim that seems scientific. For example, it may say the dentists recommend Flash toothpaste. In selling a product, the truth of the advertising may be less important than the appearance of truth. A scientific approach gives the appearance of truth;

Another type of advertisement tries to amuse the potential buyer. Products that are essential boring, such as insecticide, are often advertised in an amusing way. One way of doing this is to make the products appear alive. Advertisers believe that consumers are likely to remember and buy products that the consumers associate with fun,

Associating the product with something pleasant is the technique of the third type of appeal. In this class, ads suggest that the product will satisfy some basic human desire. One such desire is the wish to be admired by other people. Many automobile advertisements are in this category. Another powerful desire to which advertisers appeal is the desire for love. Thus ads for bandages(绷带) are unlikely to emphasize the way the bandages are made or their low cost; instead, the ads may Show a mother tenderly binding up and then kissing her small boy's cut finger. In the picture there is an open package of Ouch Bandages. The advertiser hopes the consumer will mentally insert an equal sign to create the equation "Ouch Bandages=Love".

One only needs to look through a magazine or watch an hour of TV in order to see examples of these three different advertising strategies.

Under the cover of different brands,______.

A．the products have great difference from each other

B．the products are more or less the same

C．the manufacturers tend to differ very little

D．the brands may vary only in name

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第3题

Advertising plays a major role in the distribution of goods from manufacturers to consumer

It provides an effective way for sellers to inform. buyers about products. Advertising thus helps manufacturers sell their products and benefits consumers by providing them with shopping information.

Advertising also helps the economy grow by stimulating demand for new products. Manufacturers spend much money to develop new products. Through advertising, they can speed up the process of creating a market for a product and so recover their costs more quickly. Fewer new products would be developed if manufacturers could not use advertising to help sell the products.

Advertisers include the expense of advertising in the sales price of a product. In some cases, advertising raises the price of a product. In other cases, advertising helps lower prices by creating the mass demand that supports mass production. Successful advertising makes many people want a product. By mass producing a product and developing a large volume of sales, the manufacturer can charge less per unit.

Sociologically, advertising supports the mass communication media. It pays all the costs of commercial television and radio. It provides viewers with free entertainment and news programs, though viewers are often annoyed by commercial interruptions. Advertising also pays three- fourths of the costs of newspapers and magazines. Without advertising, readers would have to pay a higher price for newspapers and magazines, and many of the publications would go out of business.

Because the mass media depend on advertising to stay in business, many people question whether advertisers control the media. Generally, media do no allow advertisers to influence their programming or editorial content. However, many broadcasters and publishers do not hesitate to run favorable information about their advertisers, and they sometimes refuse to run unfavorable information. Critics of commercial television maintain that dependence on advertising lowers the quality of TV programming . In order to sell advertising time at high prices, TV stations try do attract the largest possible audience. Critics argue that the stations therefore broadcast too many general entertainment programs and not enough informational and cultural programs.

Many critics also charge that advertising persuades people to buy products they do not need or want through the use of psychological techniques. Advertisers reply that they do not have the means to make people buy unwanted products. They argue that adults freely choose what to buy or what not to buy. Most experts agree, however, that that advertising is particularly persuasive to young children, who do not have the ability or experience to judge advertising critically. For this reason, the Federal Trade Commission has strict regulations governing advertising aimed at children.

Advertising is useful to the economy in the sense that.

A．it helps to inform. consumers about new products.

B．it gives the designers a chance to make money .

C．it helps to create a market for new products.

D．it gives the producers an excuse to raise prices.

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第4题

Given the advantages of electronic money, you might think that we would move quickly to th

e cashless society in which all payments are made electronically. 【C1】______, a true cashless society is probably not around the corner. Indeed, predictions have been【C2】______for two decades but have not yet come to fruition. For example, Business Week predicted in 1975 that electronic means of payment would soon "revolutionize the very【C3】______of money itself," only to【C4】______itself several years later. Why has the movement to a cashless society been so【C5】______in coming？ Although electronic means of payment may be more efficient than a payments system based on paper, several factors work【C6】______the disappearance of the paper system. First, it is very 【C7】______to set up the computer, card reader, and telecommunications networks necessary to make electronic money the【C8】______form. of payment. Second, paper checks have the advantage that they【C9】______receipts, something that many consumers are unwilling to【C10】______. Third, the use of paper checks gives consumers several days of "float"—it takes several days【C11】______a check is cashed and funds are【C12】______from the issuer s account, which means that the writer of the check can earn interest on the funds in the meantime. 【C13】______electronic payments are immediate, they eliminate the float for the consumer. Fourth, electronic means of payment may【C14】______security and privacy concerns. We often hear media reports that an unauthorized hacker has been able to access a computer database and to alter information【C15】______there. The fact that this is not an【C16】______occurrence means that dishonest persons might be able to access bank accounts in electronic payments systems and【C17】______from someone else s accounts. The【C18】______of this type of fraud is no easy task, and a new field of computer science is developing to【C19】______security issues. A further concern is that the use of electronic means of payment leaves an electronic【C20】______that contains a large amount of personal data. There are concerns that government, employers, and marketers might be able to access these data, thereby violating our privacy.

【C1】

A．Moreover

B．However

C．Therefore

D．Otherwise

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第5题

Passage 2

International trade is the exchange of goods and services between countries. It gives consumers and countries the opportunity to be exposed to goods and services not available in their own countries. Almost every kind of product can be found on the international market：food, clothes, spare parts, oil, jewelry, wine, stocks, currencies and water. Services are also traded： tourism, banking, consulting and transportation. A product that is sold to the global market is an export, and a product that is bought from the global market is an import.

International trade can benefit us a lot. Trading globally allows us to expand our markets for both goods and services that otherwise may not have been available to us. If you walk into a supermarket and are able to buy Indonesian bananas, Brazilian coffee and a bottle of French wine, you are experiencing the effects of international trade.

International trade brings US both advantages and disadvantages. For instance, international trade may also make the world economy easily affected by factors like prices,supply and demand, as well as global events. Political change in As a, for example, could result in an increase in the cost of labor, thereby increasing the manufacturing costs for an American sneaker company based in Malaysia, which would then result in an increase in the price that you have to pay to buy the tennis shoes at your local mall. A decrease in the cost of labor, on the other hand, would result in you having to pay less for your new shoes.

26.International trade exchanges goods and services between different countries and regions.

27.Every kind of goods and services can be found on the global market.

28.A product that is bought from the global market is an export.

29.International trade may easily affect world economy.

30.Political change in one country has nothing to do with international trade.

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第6题

Given the advantages of electronic money, you might think that we would move quickly to th

e cashless society in which all payments are made electronically. 1 a true cashless society is probably not around the corner. Indeed, predictions have been 2 for two decades but have not yet come to fruition. For example, Business Week predicted in 1975 that electronic means of payment would soon "revolutionize the very 3 of money itself," only to 4 itself several years later. Why has the movement to a cashless society been so 5 in coming？

Although electronic means of payment may be more efficient than a payments system based on paper, several factors work 6 the disappearance of the paper system. First, it is very 7 to set up the computer, card reader, and telecornmunications networks necessary to make electronic money the 8 form. of payment Second, paper checks have the advantage that they 9 receipts, something thai many consumers are unwilling to 10 . Third, the use of paper checks gives consumers several days of "float" - it takes several days 11 a check is cashed and funds are 12 from the issuer&39;s account, which means that the writer of the check can cam interest on the funds in the meantime. 13 electronic payments arc immediate, they eliminate the float for the consumer.

Fourth, electronic means of payment may 14 security and privacy concerns. We often hear media reports that an unauthorized hacker has been able to access a computer database and to alter information 15 there. The fact that this is not an 16 occurrence means that dishonest persons might be able to access bank accounts in electronic payments systems and 17 from someone else&39;s accounts. The 18 of this type of fraud is no easy task, and a new field of computer science is developing to 19 security issues. A further concern is that the use of e lectronic means of payment leaves an electronic 20 that contains a large amount of personal data. There are concerns that government, employers, and marketers might be able to access these data, thereby violating our privacy.

A.However

B.Moreover

C.Therefore

D.Otherwise

2A.off

B.back

C.over

D.around

7A.imaginative

B.expensive

C.sensitive

D.productive

8A.similar

B.original

C.temporary

D.dominant

9A.collect

B.provide

C.copy

D.print

10A.give up

B.take over

C.bring back

D.pass down

11A.before

B.after

C.since

D.when

12A.kept

B.borrowed

C.released

D.withdrawn

13A.Unless

B.Until

C.Because

D.Though

14A.hide

B.express

C.raise

D.ease

16A.unsafe

B.unnatural

C.uncommon

D.unclear

17A.steal

B.choose

C.benefit

D.return

18A.consideration

B.prevention

C.manipulation

D.justification

6A.for

B.against

C.with

D.on

20A.chunk

B.chip

C.path

D.trail

15A.analyzed

B.shared

C.stored

D.displayed

3A.power

B.concept

C.history

D.role

19A.cope with

B.fight against

C.adapt to

D.call for

5A.silent

B.sudden

C.slow

D.steady

4A.reward

B.resist

C.resume

D.reverse

请帮忙给出每个问题的正确答案和分析，谢谢！

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第7题

Facebook has been【C1】______with fire and has got its fingers burned, again. On November 29

th America s Federal Trade Commission(FTC)announced that it had reached a【C2】______settlement with the giant social network over【C3】______that it had misled people about its use of their personal data. The details of the settlement make clear that Facebook, which【C4】______over 800 m users, betrayed its users trust. It is also notable because it appears to be part of a broader【C5】______by the FTC to craft a new privacy framework to deal with the rapid【C6】______of social networks in America. The regulator s findings come at a【C7】______moment for Facebook, which is said to be preparing for an initial public offering next year that could value it at around $100 billion. To【C8】______the way for its listing, the firm first needs to resolve its privacy【C9】______with regulators in America and Europe,【C10】______its willingness to negotiate the settlement【C11】______this week. Announcing the agreement, the FTC said it had found a number of cases where Facebook had made claims that were " unfair and deceptive, and【C12】______federal law". For instance, it【C13】______personally identifiable information to advertisers, and it failed to keep a promise to make photos and videos on deleted accounts【C14】______. The settlement does not【C15】______an admission by Facebook that it has broken the law, but it deeply【C16】______the company nonetheless. In a blog post published the same day, Mark Zuckerberg, Facebook s boss, tried to【C17】______the impact of the deal. First he claimed that " a small number of high-profile mistakes" were【C18】______the social networks "good history" on privacy. The FTC is not relying on Facebook to police itself. Among other things, the company will now have to seek consumers approval before it changes the way it shares their data. And it has agreed to an independent privacy audit every two years for the next 20 years. There is a clear pattern here. In separate cases over the past couple of years the FTC has insisted that Twitter and Google accept regular【C19】______audits, too, after each firm was accused of violating its customers privacy. The intent seems to be to create a regulatory regime that is tighter than the status quo,【C20】______one that still gives social networks plenty of room to innovate.

【C1】

A．setting

B．playing

C．lighting

D．turning

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第8题

Video recorders and photocopiers, even ticket machines on the railway, often seem unnecess

arily difficult to use. Last December I bought myself a video cassette recorder (VCR) described as "simple to use". In the first three weeks I failed repeatedly to program the machine to record from the TV, and after months of practice I still made mistakes. I am not a lone. According to a survey last year by Ferguson, the British manufacturer, more than in four VCR owners never use the timer on their machines to record a programme: they don’t use it because they' ve found it far too hard to operate.

So why do manufacturers keep on designing and producing VCRs that are awkward to use if the problems are so obvious？ First, the problems are not obvious to technically minded designers with years of experience and trained to understand how appliances work. Secondly, designers tend to add one or two features at a time to each model, whereas you or I face all a machine’s features at once. Thirdly, although finding problems in a finished product is easy, it is too late by then to do anything about the design. Finally, if manufacturers can get away with selling products that are difficult to use, it is not worth the effort of any one of them to make improvements.

Some manufacturers say they concentrate on proving a wide range of features rather than on making the machines easy to use. But that gives rise to the question, "Why can't you have features that are easy to use？" The answer is you can.

Good design practice is a mixture of specific procedures and general principles. For a start, designers should build an original model of the machine and try it out on typical members of the public -- not on colleagues in the development laboratory. Simple public trials would quickly reveal many design mistakes. In an ideal world, there would be some ways of controlling quality such as that the VCR must be redesigned repeatedly until, say, 90 per cent of users can work 90 per cent of the features correctly 90 per cent of the time.

According to the passage, before a VCR is sold on the market its original model should be tried out ______.

A．among ordinary consumers who are not technically minded

B．among people who are technically minded

C．among experienced technicians and potential users

D．among people who are in charge of public relations

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第9题

Directions: Read the following text.Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.Given the advantages of electronic money, you might think that we would move quickly to the cashless society in which all payments are made electronically.（1）, a true cashless society is probably not around the corner.Indeed, predictions of such a society have been（2）for two decades but have not yet come to fruition.For example, Business Week predicted in 1975 that electronic means of payment"would soon revolutionize the very（3） of money itself, " only to （4）itself several years later.Why has the movement to a cashless society been So（5）in coming?Although e-money might be more convenient and may be more efficient than a payments system based on paper, several factors work （6） the disappearance of the paper system.First, it is very（7）to set up the computer, card reader, and telecommunications networks necessary to make electronic money the（8） form of payment.Second, paper checks have the advantage that they （9） receipts, something that many consumers are unwilling to （10）.Third, the use of paperchecks gives consumers several days of "float"-it takes several days （11）a check is cashed and funds are（12） from the issuer' s account, which means that the writer of the check can earn interest on the funds in the meantime.（13）electronic payments are immediate, they eliminate the float for the consumer.Fourth,electronic means of payment （14）security and privacy concerns.We often hear media reports that an unauthorized hacker has been able to access a computer database and to alter information（15） there.Because this is not an（16）occurrence, unscrupulous persons might be able to access bank accounts in electronic payments systems and（17）funds by moving them from someone else' s accounts into their own.The（18） of this type of fraud is no easy task, and a whole new field of computer science has developed to（19）security issues.A further concern is that the use of electronic means of payment leaves an electronic （20）that contains a large amount of personal data on buying habits.There are worries that government, employers, and marketers might be able to access these data, thereby encroaching on our privacy.1.[A] However [B] Moreover [C] Therefore [D] Otherwise2.[A] off [B] back [C] over [D] around3.[A] power [B] concept [C] history [D] role4.[A] reward [B] resist [C] resume [D] reverse5.[A] silent [B] sudden [C] slow [D] steady6.[A] for [B] against [C]with [D] on7.[A] imaginative [B] expensive [C] sensitive [D] productive8.[A] similar [B] original [C] temporary [D] dominant9.[A] collect [B] provide [C] copy [D] print10.[A] give up [B] take over [C] bring back [D] pass down11.[A] before [B] after [C] since [D] when12.[A] kept [B] borrowed [C] released [D] withdrawn13.[A] Unless [B] Until [C] Because [D] Though14.[A] hide [B] express [C] raise [D]ease15.[A] analyzed [B] shared [C] stored [D] displayed16.[A] unsafe [B] unnatural [C] uncommon [D] unclear17.[A] steal [B] choose [C] benefit [D] return18.[A] consideration [B] prevention [C] manipulation [D] justification19.[A] cope with [B] fight against [C] adapt to [D] call for20.[A] chunk [B] chip [C] path [D] trail

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第10题

Advertising informs consumers about new products available on the market.It gives us i

nformation about everything from shampoo to tooth-paste to computers and cars.But there is one series problem with this.The "information" is actually very often "misinformation".It tells us the products, benefits but hides their disadvantages.Advertising not only leads us to buy things that we don't need and can't afford, but it also confuses our sense of reality.

Advertisers use many methods to get us to buy their products.One of their most successful methods is to make us feel dissatisfied with ourselves and our imperfect lives.Advertisements show us who we aren't and what we don't have."Why don't I have any dates (约会)？" a good-looking girl sadly asks in a commercial."Here," replies her roommate, "Try Zoom tooth-paste!" Of course she tried it, and immediately the whole football team falls in love with her."That's a stupid commercial," we might say.But we still buy Zoom tooth-paste out of fear of being unpopular and having no friends.

If fear is the negative motive (动机) for buying a product, then wanting a good self-image is the positive reason for choosing it.Each of us has a mental picture of the kind of person we would like to be.For example, a modern young woman might like to think that she looks like a beautiful movie star.A middle-aged man might want to see himself as a strong, attractive athlete.Advertisers know this.They write specific ads to make certain groups of people choose their products.

Advertisers get psychologists to study the way consumers think and their reasons for choosing one brand instead of another.These experts tell advertisers about the motives of fear and self-image.They also inform. them about recent studies with colors and words.They have found that certain colors on the package of an attractive product will cause people to reach out and take that package instead of buying an identical (同一的、相等的) product with different colors.

Many people believe that advertising does not affect them.They like to think they make wise choices.Unfortunately, they probably don't realize the powerful effect of advertising.They may not clearly understand that advertisers spend billions of dollars each year in aggressive (强有力的) competition for our money, and they are extremely successful.

1.What’s the purpose of advertising()？

A.To introduce people the feature of the goods.

B.To have people to buy new products on the market.

C.To make people know how to use the products.

D.To tell people how to save money while buying goods.

2.One of the disadvantages of advertising is to().

A.lead people to buy bad-quality things

B.make people confused about choosing goods

C.make people buy more things than needed

D.inform. people the products’ benefits

3.Advertisement may make people think that()

A.their lives are not good enough