一些经济学家相信税收对劳动供给有重要影响。他们认为，高税收使人们想少工作，而低税收使人们想多工作。考虑这

种影响如何改变税收变动的宏观经济分析。

a．如果这种观点正确的话。减税如何影响自然产出率？

b．减税如何影响总需求曲线？如何影响长期总供给曲线？如何影响短期总供给曲线？

c．减税对产出和物价水平的短期影响是什么？你的回答与没有劳动供给效应的情况有什么不同？

d．减税对产出和物价水平的长期影响是什么？你的回答与没有劳动供给效应的情况有什么不同？

Some economists believe that taxes have an important effect on labor supply. They argue that higher taxes cause people to want to work less and that lower taxes cause them to want to work more. Consider how this effect alters the macroeconomic analysis of tax changes.

a．If this view is correct, how does a tax cut affect the natural rate of output？

b．How does a tax cut affect the aggregate demand curve？ The long-run aggregate supply curve？ The short-run aggregate supply curve？

c．What is the short-run impact of a tax cut on output and the price level？ How does your answer differ from the case without the labor-supply effect？

d．What is the long-run impact of a tax cut on output and the price level？ How does your answer differ from the case without the labor-supply effect？