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A.declaratives
B.expressives
C.commisives
D.directives
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更多“According to Searle, those illocutionary acts whose point is to commit the speaker to some future co…”相关的问题
第1题
第2题
A．at the same time
B．one after another
C．two first and then the other
D．one first and then the other two
第3题
第4题
It turned out that the woman, Natalie Smith, had read something on a friend’s refrigerator: “Practice random (随意的) kindness and senseless acts of beauty.” The phrase impressed (使某人印象深刻) her so much that she copied it down.
Judy Foreman saw the same phrase on a warehouse wall far away from home. When it stayed on her mind for days, she gave up and drove all the way back to copy it down. “I thought it was beautiful,” she said, explaining why she’d taken to writing it at the bottom of all her letters, “like a message from above.” Her husband, Frank, liked the phrase so much that he put it up on the classroom wall for his students, one of whom was the daughter of Alice Johnson, a local news reporter. Alice put it in the newspaper, saying that though she liked it, she didn’t know where it came from or what it really meant.
Two days later, Alice got a call from Anne Herbert, a woman living in Marin. It was in a restaurant that Anne wrote the phrase down on a piece of paper, after turning it around in her mind for days.
“Here’s the idea,” Anne says. “Anything you think there should be more of, do it randomly.” Her fantasies include painting the classrooms of shabby schools, leaving hot meals on kitchen tables in the poor part of town, and giving money secretly to a proud old lady. Anne says, “Kindness can build on itself as much as violence (暴力) can build on itself.”
The acts of random kindness spread. If you were one of those drivers who found your fare paid, who knows what you might have been encouraged to do for someone else later. Like all great events, kindness begins slowly, with every single act. Let it be yours!
Why did Natalie Smith pay for the six cars behind her？
A.She had seven tickets.
B.She hoped to please others.
C.She wanted to show kindness.
D.She knew the car drivers well.
Judy Foreman copied down the phrase because she ___ .A.thought it was beautifully written
B.wanted to know what it really meant
C.decided to write it on a warehouse wall
D.wanted her husband to put it up in the classroom
Who came up with the phrase according to the passage？A.Judy Foreman.
B.Natalie Smith
C.Alice Johnson.
D.Anne Herbert
What can we infer from the last paragraph？A.People should practice random kindness to those in need
B.People who receive kindness are likely to offer it to others.
C.People should practice random kindness to strangers they meet.
D.People who receive kindness are likely to pay it back to the giver.
请帮忙给出每个问题的正确答案和分析，谢谢！
第5题
Keasey's research raises two key questions for developmental psychologists about children under age seven: do they recognize justifications for harmful actions, and do they make distinctions between harmful acts that are preventable and those acts that have unforeseen harmful consequences？ Studies indicate that justifications excusing harmful actions might include public duty, selfdefense, and provocation. For example, Nesdale and Rule concluded that children were capable of considering whether of not an aggressor's action was justified by public duty: five year olds reacted very differently to "Bonnie wrecks Ann's pretend house" depending on whether Bonnie did it "so somebody won't fall over it" or because Bonnie wanted "to make Ann feel bad". Thus, a child of five begins to understand that certain harmful actions, though intentional, can be justified; the constraints of moral absolutism no longer solely guide their judgments.
Psychologists have determined that during kindergarten children learn to make distinctions involving harm. Darley observed that among acts involving unintentional harm, six-year-old children just entering kindergarten could not differentiate between foreseeable, and thus preventable, harm and unforeseeable harm for which the perpetrator cannot be blamed. Seven months later, however, Darley found that these same children could make both distincitons, thus demonstrating that they had become morally autonomous.
Which of the following best describes the passage as a whole？
A．An outline for future research.
B．An expanded definition of commonly misunderstood terms.
C．An analysis of a dispute between two theorists.
D．A discussion of research finding in an ongoing inquiry.
第6题
Studies of both animals and humans have shown that sex hormones somehow affects the stress response, causing females under stress to produce more of the trigger chemicals than do males under the same conditions. In several of the studies, when stressed-out female rats had their ovaries (the female reproductive organs) removed, their chemical responses became equal to those of the males.
Adding to a woman's increased dose of stress chemicals are her increased "opportunities" for stress. "It's not necessarily that women don't cope as well. It's just that they have so much more to cope with," says Dr. Yehuda. "Their capacity for tolerating stress may even be greater than men's," she observes, "it's just that they're dealing with so many more things that they become worn out from it more visibly and sooner."
Dr. Yehuda notes another difference between the sexes. "I think that the kinds of things that women are exposed to tend to be in more of a chronic or repeated nature. Men go to war and are exposed to combat stress. Men are exposed to more acts of random physical violence. The kinds of interpersonal violence that women are exposed to tend to be in domestic situations, by, unfortunately, parents or other family numbers, and they tend not to be one-shot deals. The wear-and-tear that comes from these longer relationships can be quite devastating."
Adeline Alvarez married at 18 and gave birth to a son, but wad determined to finish college. "I struggled a lot to get the college degree. I was living in so much frustration that that was my escape, to go to school, and get ahead and do better." Later, her marriage ended and she became a single mother. "It's the hardest thing to take care of a teenager, have a job, pay the rent, pay the car payment, and pay the debt. l lived from paycheck to paycheck."
Not everyone experiences the kinds of severe chronic stresses Alvarez describes. But most women today are coping with a lot of obligations, with few breaks, and feeling the strain. Alvarez's experience demonstrates the importance of finding ways to diffuse stress before it threatens your health and your ability to function.
Which of the following is true according to the first two paragraphs？
A．Women are biologically more vulnerable to stress.
B．Women are still suffering much stress caused by men.
C．Women are more experienced than men in coping with stress.
D．Men and women show different inclinations when faced with stress.
第7题
The idea that there is neither good nor evil--in any absolute moral or religious sense—is widespread in our times. There are various relativistic and behaviorist standards of ethics. If these standards even admit the distinction between good and evil, it is as a relative matter and not as whirlwind of choices that lies at the center of living. In any such state of mind, conflict can at best, be only a petty matter, lacking true university. The acts of the evildoer and of the virtuous man alike become dramatically neutralized. Imagine the reduced effect of Crime and Punishment or the Brothers Karamazoc had Dostoevsky thought that good and evil, as portrayed in those books, were wholly relative, and that he had had no conviction about them.
You can't have a vital literature if you ignore or shun evil. What you get then is the world of Pollyanna, goody-goody in place of the good. Cry, The Beloved Country is a great and dramatic novel because Alan Paton, in addition to being a skilled workman, sees with clear eyes both good and evil, differentiates them, pitches them into conflict with each other, and takes sides. He sees that the native boy Absalom Kumalo, who has murdered, cannot be judged justly without taking into account the environment that has had a part in shaping him. But Paton sees, too, that Absalom the individual, not society the abstraction, committed the act and is responsible for it. Mr. Paton understands mercy. He knows that this precious thing is not evoked by sentimental impulse, but by a searching examination of the realities of human action. Mercy follows a judgment; it does not precede it.
One of the novels by the talented Paul Bowles, Let It Down is full of motion, full of sensational depravities, and is a crashing bore. The book recognizes no good, admits no evil, and is coldly indifferent to the moral behavior. of its characters. It is a long shrug. Such a view of life is non-dramatic and negates the vital essence of drama.
In our age, according to the author, a standpoint often taken in the area of ethics is the ______.
A．relativistic view of morals
B．greater concern with religion
C．emphasis on evil
D．greater concern with universals
第8题
A．Original.
B．Quiet.
C．Arrogant.
D．Insensitive.
第9题
A．the railway enables people travel fast
B．the railway brings comfort to people
C．the railway makes the world peaceful
D．the railway leads the world to war as well
第10题
根据下列文章，回答21～25题。
While still catching-up to men in some spheres of modern life, women appear to be way ahead in at least one undesirable category. Women are particularly susceptible to developing depression and anxiety disorders in response to stress compared to men, according to Dr. Yehuda, chief psychiatrist at New York''s Veteran''s Administration Hospital.
Studies of both animals and humans have shown that sex hormones somehow affects the stress response, causing females under stress to produce more of the trigger chemicals than do males under the same conditions. In several of the studies, when stressed-out female rats had their ovaries （the female reproductive organs） removed, their chemical responses became equal to those of the males.
Adding to a woman''s increased dose of stress chemicals, are her increased opportunities for stress. It''s not necessarily that women don''t cope as well. It''s just that they have so much more to cope with, says Dr. Yehuda. Their capacity for tolerating stress may even be greater than men''s, she observes, It''s just that they''re dealing with so many more things that they become worn out from it more visibly and sooner.
Dr. Yehuda notes another difference between the sexes. I think that the kinds of things that women are exposed to tend to be in more of a chronic or repeated nature. Men go to war and are exposed to combat stress. Men are exposed to more acts of random physical violence. The kinds of interpersonal violence that women are exposed to tend to be in domestic situations, by, unfortunately, parents or other family numbers, and they tend not to be one-shot deals. The wear-and-tear that comes from these longer relationships can be quite devastating.
Adeline Alvarez married at 18 and gave birth to a son, but wad determined to finish college. I struggled a lot to get the college degree. I was living in so much frustration that that was my escape, to go to school, and get ahead and do better. Later her marriage ended and she became a single mother. It''s the hardest thing to take care of a teenager, have a job, pay the rent, pay the car payment, and pay the debt. I lived from paycheck to paycheck.
Not everyone experiences the kinds of severe chronic stresses Alvarez describes. But most women today are coping with a lot of obligations, with few breaks, and feeling the strain. Alvarez''s experience demonstrates the importance of finding ways to diffuse stress before it threatens your health and your ability to function.
第 21 题 Which of the following is true according to the first two paragraphs？
A．Women are biologically more vulnerable to stress.
B．Women are still suffering much stress caused by men.
C．Women are more experienced than men in coping with stress.
D．Men and women show different inclinations when faced with stress.
第11题
