2019年自考《英语词汇学》考试重点一

自考英语词汇学考试很多同学在考试前不知道怎么复习，今天希赛小编给2019年自考《英语词汇学》整理了一些重点，我们来看看。

Chapter 1--Basic concepts of words and vocabulary

Word: A word is a minimal free form of a language that has a given sound and meaning and syntactic function. (1)a minimal free form of a language (2)a sound unity (3)a unit of meaning (4)a form that can function alone in a sentence

sound and meaning: almost arbitrary, “no logical relationship between the sound which stands for a thing or an idea and the actual thing and idea itself”

sound and form: the sound should be similar to the form

Vocabulary: all the words in a language make up its vocabulary

The 3 Stages of Development of E Vocabulary: Old English vocabulary, Middle EV, Modern EV

Classification of English Words According to Different Criteria

The basic word stock: is the foundation of the vocabulary accumulated over centuries and forms the common core of the language.

Though it constitute a small percentage of the EV, it is the most important part of vocabulary.

The Fundamental Features of the Basic Word Stock:

1)All-National character(全民通用性most important) 2)Stability(相对稳定性)

3)Productivity(多产性) 4)Polysemy(多义性) 5)Collocability(可搭配性)

words:(1)Terminology(术语) (2)Jargon(行话) (3)slang(俚语) (4)Argot(暗语) (5)Dialectal words(方言) (6) Archaisms(古语) (7) Neologisms(新词语):Neologisms means newly-created words or expressions, or words that have taken on new meanings.(email)

Content words (cloud, run walk, never, five, frequently) and functional words (on, of, and, be, but)

Native Words and Loan Words

Native words: known as Anglo-Saxon words (50,000-60,000), are words brought to Britain in the 5th century by the Germanic tribes. (mainstream of the basic word-stocks)

Loan words: words taken over from foreign languages.(80% of modern EV)

4 Types of loan words:

1) denizens(同化词) (shirt from skyrta(ON))

2) aliens(外来词):are borrowed words which have retained their original pronunciation and spelling (kowtow (CH)磕头)

3) translation loans(译借词):按其他语言方式组成英语 long time no see from China

4) semantic loans(借义词)：their meanings are borrowed

Chapter 2 the development of the English Vocabulary

The Indo-European Language Family

The Eight Groups in Indo-European Family of Languages

The Balto-slavic Group(波罗的-斯拉夫语族)：Latvian,Russian,Bugarian,Polish,Czech etc.

The Indo-Iranian Group(印度-伊朗语族)：Sanskrit,Hindi,Urdu,Bengali,Persian etc.

The Armenian Group(亚美尼亚语族)：Armenian.

The Albanian Group(阿尔巴尼亚语族)：Albanian.

The Hellenic Group(古希腊语族)：Greek.

The Italian Group(意大利语族)：

Latin,Romance languages(French,Italian,Spanish, portuguess,Romanian) etc.

The Celtic Group(凯尔特语族)：Gaelic,Welsh,Breton etc.

The Germanic Group(日耳曼语族)：

Englsih,German,Dutch,Scandinavian(Norweigian, Swedish,Danish,Icelandic) etc.

The Three Stages of Development of the English Vocabulary@

1 Old English Period or The Anglo-Saxon Period (450-1100) (vocabulary 50,000 to 60,000)

2 Middle English Period (1150-1500)

3 Modern English Period (1500-now): in fact more than 25% of modern E words come almost directly from classical languages. In Modern E, words endings were mostly lost

Modes of V Development(Modern E): 1)creation 2)semantic change 3) borrowing

大家还可根据网上视频教程来学习，课程内容包括：考试题型解读，考试重点难点分析介绍，各章节知识内容精讲，典型例题分析讲解。通过本课程的学习，考生能迅速把握各章节的知识架构，掌握该科目考试内容的重难点，了解简答题和论述题的答题技巧，轻松通过考试。

点击进入：英语词汇学(00832)精讲班视频教程